From Trauma to Tics: A qualitative exploration of later-onset Tourette syndrome in adults

Posted on 24 April 2025 by Pippa McClounan

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A research study from the University of Sunderland

This study aims to explore the experiences of adults with later-onset TS, specifically examining whether stressful or traumatic life events may have played a role in the onset of tics. The research seeks to provide insight into how environmental stressors influence TS and improve awareness of later-onset cases. The interview will be an online text-based semi-structured interview hosted on Qualtrics to mitigate any potential verbal fluency challenges and reduce anxiety.

You are invited to participate if you:

• Are 18 years or older
• Have a diagnosis of TS or are awaiting a diagnosis with clinically recognised tics
• Have a tic onset later than the typical childhood onset of around 2 to 8 years old
• Are willing to share your experiences of tic onset and any potential stress-related triggers

Individuals diagnosed with stress-related disorders (such as PTSD, stress disorder, etc) are advised not to participate to avoid potential distress.

What will taking part involve?

• You will complete an online, text-based semi-structured interview via Qualtrics
• You will answer demographic questions (age, gender, country of residence, diagnostic status, age of tic onset)
• The interview consists of 10 open-ended questions exploring your experiences with TS, tic onset, stressors, and ongoing tic management, e.g.:
  • Were there any significant life events or stressors precipitating your tic onset that you found particularly stressful or traumatic?
  • If you feel comfortable, could you share what these stressful or traumatic events involved?
• A final mood-enhancing question will be included to help mitigate any potential distress
• The interview is expected to take 30-60 minutes to complete, but you will have the option to save your responses before submitting if you need to take breaks

Who is organising and funding the research?

The research is organised by Erin MacDonald, who is a Clinical Psychology student at the University of Sunderland, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, School of Psychology. The project is not externally funded.

Who can I contact for more information and support?

Researcher: Erin MacDonald – bi39vo@student.sunderland.ac.uk

Researcher Supervisor: Dr Sophie Drennan – sophie.drennan@sunderland.ac.uk

CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION AND TO TAKE PART

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